Villa Cuomo, an archaeological gem discovered in 1974 in the town of Sant’Antonio Abate, continues to reveal its secrets. This ancient rural complex, located on Via Casa Salese, southeast of Pompeii, was buried under three meters of lapilli during the catastrophic eruption that destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum in 79 AD.
Unlike other Roman villas in the region, this rural residence is characterized by its service rooms arranged around a courtyard with unplastered brick columns, highlighting its productive function within the Roman agricultural world.
Recently, archaeologists found mural paintings in Villa Cuomo depicting grape harvesting scenes linked to the cult of Dionysus/Bacchus. These paintings document agricultural techniques of the time and reflect the importance of wine in social and religious life. The grape harvest was not just labor but a ritual of abundance and community dedicated to Bacchus, explained a spokesperson for the archaeological team.
To ensure the preservation of these valuable paintings, diagnostic studies have been initiated under the direction of Dr. Davide Melica, an expert in Restoration and Conservation. These investigations include non-invasive techniques and laboratory analyses of small samples taken from the paintings.
The first study conducted was X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrophotometry, a technique that allows for the identification of the chemical elements composing the pictorial layers. The results obtained will be key in determining the painting technique used and in defining the best method for restoring and conserving these works of art.
These analyses will provide a better understanding of the composition of the pigments and materials used by the ancient Romans, offering valuable insight into the artistic practices of the time.
The restoration and enhancement work on Villa Cuomo represents a significant advancement in protecting the historical heritage of the metropolitan area of Naples. Thanks to the efforts of the Soprintendenza ABAP and the dedication of the specialists involved, this archaeological site will be appreciated by present and future generations.
This space will not only showcase the past but will also invite reflection on our rural roots and their relevance today, highlighted a municipal representative.
Authorities have emphasized the importance of this discovery in revaluing the region’s heritage. The future of our territory is built by recognizing the value of our origins, stated an official, highlighting the work of the Soprintendenza ABAP. These paintings are not just art; they are a message of identity that reminds us that the land, faith, and culture are inseparable.
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