In the crystal-clear waters of the Ionian Sea, 47 nautical miles east of Italy’s Cape Santa Maria di Leuca, lies Othonoi (Οθωνοί in Greek), an island that blends history, mythology, and unparalleled natural beauty. Recognized as the westernmost point of Greece, Othonoi is the largest and most populated of the Diapontia Islands.

For mythology enthusiasts, this small paradise is even more fascinating as it has been identified as the mythical Ogygia, home of the nymph Calypso in Homer’s Odyssey. Today, the island offers a unique journey through time, where ancient legends intertwine with the daily lives of its inhabitants.

Othonoi has had many names throughout the centuries, reflecting its rich and varied history. In ancient texts, it was known as “Othronos” or “Thoronos”. The Venetians and Italians called it “Fanò” due to its iconic lighthouse and also “Fidonisi” (Island of Snakes) because of its abundance of these reptiles.

Othonoi Ogygia
Location of Othonoi northwest of Corfu. Credit: Furian / depositphotos.com

However, the most evocative name is Ogygia, which, according to interpretations by cartographers and writers of the 17th and 18th centuries, was the refuge where Calypso detained Odysseus for seven years. The specific location is identified as a cave near Ámmos Áspros beach.

The geography of Othonoi seems to support this identification. Homer describes Ogygia as an island rich in cypress trees with an intoxicating aroma. Today, Othonoi is covered in centuries-old olive trees, cypresses, and lush Mediterranean flora. Additionally, its location, relatively close to Corfu, aligns with the narrative of Odysseus’ journey, who shipwrecks on the island of the Phaeacians after leaving Ogygia.

Othonoi’s strategic position made it a coveted prize for many powers throughout history. The island was ruled by Franks, Venetians, and, briefly, by Charles III of Naples. In the 16th century, Ottoman Turks, under the command of Hayreddin Barbarossa, attacked the island, massacring its inhabitants. This tragic event is commemorated today with a monument in the Stavros district.

Othonoi Ogygia
The island of Othonoi in the background, behind the small island of Mathraki. Credit: Dreizung / Wikimedia Commons

During the 19th century, Othonoi was part of the British Protectorate of the Ionian Islands until 1864, when these were ceded to Greece. During that time, the island served as the administrative capital of the Diapontia Islands and experienced a cultural and economic revival, though its population began to decline as residents emigrated in search of better opportunities.

Othonoi is a true natural sanctuary, home to rich biodiversity on land and at sea. In addition to being almost entirely covered by olive trees—some planted during the Venetian occupation—and cypresses, aromatic herbs like oregano and sage grow in abundance, while fruit and vegetable crops thrive in its fertile valleys.

In the sea, marine life includes dolphins, Mediterranean monk seals, and even sharks. The island’s seabed is a treasure trove for diving enthusiasts, featuring shipwrecks, underwater caves, and unique geomorphology. The legacy of its nickname “Island of Snakes” endures, as vipers remain part of its reptilian fauna.

Othonoi Ogygia
Calypso’s Cave in Othonoi. Credit: Katechis303 / Wikimedia Commons

The island preserves a network of traditional paths that connect its settlements and points of interest. Walking through Othonoi is an immersive experience, with every step revealing spectacular views of the Ionian and Adriatic Seas. Mount Imerovigli, the island’s highest peak, offers a panorama encompassing the other Diapontia Islands and, on clear days, the Italian coasts.

Othonoi’s residents have maintained traditions that blend Greek and Italian influences. Their dialect, sprinkled with Italian words, testifies to centuries of cultural interaction. Although emigration has reduced its population, current residents primarily work in tourism, fishing, and olive oil production, continuing ancient traditions.

Among Othonoi’s landmarks are the lighthouse, built in 1872, and the ruins of a Venetian fortress at Cape Kastri. One of the most evocative sites is the cross in Stavros, commemorating the 1537 massacre. Additionally, a monument in Ammos honors the crew of the Protefs submarine, sunk in 1940 during World War II.

Othonoi Ogygia
The island of Othonoi is identified as the Ogygia of The Odyssey. Credit: Resalto othoni / Wikimedia Commons

From its olive-covered hills to its deep blue waters, this island encapsulates the spirit of Greece: a blend of beauty, history, and myth. Visiting Othonoi is to immerse oneself in a place where every corner has a story to tell, an echo of ancient times that resonates today.

This article was first published on our Spanish Edition on December 10, 2024: Ozoní, la isla más occidental de Grecia es la mítica Ogigia de la Odisea

SOURCES

Diapontia, “Το “Νησί της Καλυψώς” σύμφωνα με ιστορικούς χάρτες βρίσκεται ΒΔ της Κέρκυρας (φωτογραφίες)

Corfu Diary, Diapontia Islands

Go Greece, Diapontia Islands

Wikipedia, Ozoní

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